Fertility and sterility vol 87, issue 4, suppl 1, pages s1. Cms systems represent a valuable tool in the production of hybrid seed in selfpollinating crop species, including maize, rice, cotton, and a number of vegetable crops. A new cms source, ann5, was found in wild helianthus annuus. Cytoplasmic male sterility cms is the maternally inherited inability of a plant to produce or shed viable pollen. Cytoplasmic male sterility cms sterile cytoplasm s male sterility comes about as a result of the combined action of nuclear genes and genic or structural changes in the cytoplasmic organellar genome. The expression of such orfs can, in turn, result in the phenotype of male sterility, the inability of the plant to produce functional male gametes pollen. Cytoplasmic male sterility of rice with boro ii cytoplasm is caused by a cytotoxic peptide and is restored by two related ppr motif genes via distinct modes of mrna silencing w. Alternative cytoplasmic male sterility systems in sorghum and their. Cytoplasmic nuclear male sterility cms, a potential system for economical hybrid seeds production, results from disharmonious interaction between the cytoplasmic and nuclear genetic factors. Partial male fertility in sorghum hybrids with cytoplasm from male sterile combine kafir 60. Cytoplasmic male sterility cms is a phenomenon specific to plant. Ysr horticultural university, venkataramannagudem534101, tadepalligudem, west godavari, andhra pradesh, india corresponding author a b s t r a c t keywords introduction.
The sterility of a product cannot be guaranteed by testing. Cytoplasmic male sterility of rice with boro ii cytoplasm. Oct 01, 20 cytoplasmic male sterility contributes to hybrid incompatibility between subspecies of arabidopsis lyrata esa a. In these cases it is essential to develop effective fertility restoration systems for hybrid seed production.
See causes of male infertility and treatments for male infertility and overview of infertility. A novel male sterilityfertility restoration system in plants. Nuclear expression of a cytoplasmic male sterility gene. Cytoplasmic male sterility cms is a widespread phenomenon in. Male sterile plants reduce the labor required to make hybrids, but they can cause problems for seed savers because the plants are male sterile in all succeeding generations.
May 25, 2011 investigation links sterility to bone growth product. This type of male sterility is determined by the cytoplasm. Anthers of the male sterile line were stunted and did not shed pollen. Cytoplasmic male sterility, as the name indicates, is under extranuclear genetic control under control of the mitochondrial or plastid genomes. This book, which deals with many aspects of cytoplasmic male sterility cms and its use in bulgarian breeding work, contains information on the inheritance of cms, the effectiveness of individual sources of cms, the spontaneous occurrence of cms in wheat and methods of producing male sterile counterparts of varieties, fertility restorers and their effectiveness, the genetics of fertility. All progenies from crosses of this source with several stable blines and restorer lines, which are homozygous for the gene which restores leclercqs source of male sterility, were completely male sterile. Cytoplasmic male sterility when plants fail to produce functional pollen grains, they are called.
Aalto, 1 hanspeter koelewijn, and outi savolainen department of biology, university of oulu, fin90014 oulu, finland. A riskbased approach to sterility assurance failure mode and effects analysis can help improve the safety of aseptic processing. A new cytoplasmic male sterility source from wild helianthus. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Cytoplasmic male sterility how is cytoplasmic male sterility abbreviated. Plastid genotyping reveals the uniformity of cytoplasmic male. Cytoplasmic male sterility cms, a maternally inherited trait that suppresses production of functional pollen grains, has been known for over 100 years and has been reported in over 150 plant species. Zhonghua wang,a,1 yanjiao zou,a,1 xiaoyu li,a,2 qunyu zhang,a 2 letian chen,a hao wu,a dihua su,a. Cytoplasmic male sterility an introduction to genetic.
Such cytoplasmic for its mode of inheritance male sterility, or cms, is a very widespread trait in higher plants. Pdf male sterility is characterized by nonfunctional pollen grains, while female gametes function normally. May 27, 2015 cytoplasmic genetic male sterility gene provides direct evidence for some hybrid rice recently evolving into weedy rice skip to main content thank you for visiting. In the plant kingdom, most flowers are bisexual, a feature that greatly contributes to plant evolution via crossing. Male sterility a natural ally for breeders in developing hybrids male sterility is a biological characteristic commonly present in nature.
The hiii maize line was developed to combine the sustained regeneration potential of the a188 line with. Validation and operation of a sterility testing isolator. In plants, male sterility can be caused either by mitochondrial genes with coupled nuclear genes or by nuclear genes alone. Cms is conditioned by gainoffunction mitochondrial genome mutations, giving rise to novel mitochondrial proteins and facilitating the use of cms in hybrid crop seed production. Role of male sterility in vegetable hybrid seed production mopidevi m. Evaluation of cms system for its utility is determined by many factors. Genetic analysis of male sterility obtained from a rice.
Cytoplasmic male sterility article about cytoplasmic male. Methods of preparation of sterile products sterility is the absence of viable microorganisms. Unstable male sterility increases cost and affects quality of hybrid seed production. Protoplast fusion was used to combine cytoplasmic triazine resistance ctr and polima type cytoplasmic male sterility cms in brassica napus. Cytoplasmic male sterility how is cytoplasmic male. Cytoplasmic male sterility is total or partial male sterility in plants as the result of specific nuclear and mitochondrial interactions. Center, the cytoplasmic male sterile cms wa cytoplasm has a rearranged mitochondrial genome, resulting in the production of the wa352 protein, which inhibits oscox11 function, resulting in male sterility. It shows nonmendelian inheritance, with male sterility inherited maternally. Cytoplasmic male sterility is used in agriculture to facilitate the production of hybrid seed. Investigation links sterility to bone growth product. Development of a novel recessive genetic male sterility system for. Pdf the use of haploid protoplast fusion to combine. A male sterilityassociated cytotoxic protein orf288 in brassica. Cytoplasmic male sterility cms has been employed by hybrid maize.
Genetic and biochemical evidence indicates that cytoplasmic male. To identify or to create a male sterile line that is genetically unable to produce viable pollen is not only a simple. Cytoplasmic male sterility cms, a condition under which a plant is unable to produce functional pollen, is widespread among higher plants. Left, normal mitochondrial genes allow normal oscox11 function, leading to male fertility, regardless of restorer gene rf genotypes. Male sterility in plants is often cytoplasmically based and maternally inherited. Male sterility in plants authorstream presentation. Pdf cytoplasmic male sterility of rice with boro ii. Origins of rice cytoplasmic male sterility genes cell. The article has been written by tim sandle and nancy tours for the revamped institute of validation technology websites online journal of validation technology.
Nuclear male sterility nms genic, genetic, mendelian male sterility is governed solely by one or more nuclear genes. Role of male sterility in vegetable hybrid seed production. Inheritance of male sterility in pepper is comprised of genetic male sterility and cytoplasmic genetic male sterility. Since cytoplasm of the zygote comes from the egg cell, the progeny of such male sterile plants will always be male sterile. Alternative cytoplasmic male sterility systems in sorghum. Cms systems represent a valuable tool in the production of hybrid seed in selfpollinating crop species, including maize, rice, cotton, and a number of. Cytoplasmic male sterility summary modern commercial seeds are commonly grown using plants with cytoplasmic male sterility cms. Cytoplasmic male sterility of rice with boro ii cytoplasm is caused by a cytotoxic peptide and is restored by two related ppr motif genes via distinct modes of mrna. Current usp perspectives on sterilization sterility assurance. The fertility restorer gene,r, is generally dominant and is found in certain strain of the species or may be tranfered from related species. Male sterility and fertility restoration in crops annual.
Iam very much impressed and interested by this presentation. Transgenic male sterility transgenes may be used to produce gms which is dominant to fertility. Cytoplasmic male sterility and fertility restoration plant cell. Male sterility is often observed in the progenies of hybrids of distantly related species, for example, hybrids of indica group rice oryza sativa l. Cytoplasmic male sterility cms factors have long been known in some wild plants, and also in some domesticated species, where they are used to. General texts on sterility assurance level sal sterility. Cytoplasmicgenetic male sterility gene provides direct. Pdf advances in research on male sterility researchgate. It is important to determine if the test article that will be tested for sterility contains elements that will interfere with the growth of microorganisms within the growth media used for the assay. Studies of the occurrence of multiploid sporocytes in three varieties of cytoplasmic male sterile and the normal fertile variety, resistant wheatland sorghum. Fulltext html pdf the effect of treatment with growth hormone on fertility outcome in eugonadal women with growth hormone deficiency. Pdf while the molecular origin of mitochondrial human pathologies started to be known in some detail at the end of the 1980s, plant.
A male sterility gene was mapped between two indel markers on the long arm of. Male sterile plants produce no functional pollen, but do produce viable eggs. Cytoplasmic male sterility an overview sciencedirect. The phenomenon of cytoplasmic male sterility cms is found worldwide in nearly 200 species bentolila et al. An effective restoration system is available in at least one case, barnasebarstar system 4. Cytoplasmic malesterile cms lines in maize zea mays have been classified by their. To confirm further the function of orf288 in male sterility, the gene was. Novel genetic male sterility developed in capsicum annuum x c. This source showed high stability under different conditions in 1991 and 1992. This type of male sterility is of importance in certain ornamental species where the vegetative part is of economic value. Mitochondria and cytoplasmic male sterility in plants.
Cytoplasmic male sterility and fertility restoration. Dec 22, 2015 cytoplasmic genetic male sterility this is a case of cytoplasmic male sterility, for which a nuclear gene for restoring fertility in male sterile line is known. To effectively combine fertility restoration, pollination disruption and transgenic. Genetic and molecular basis of cytoplasmic male sterility in. The male sterility appears to be caused by heterozygous alleles derived from t65 and lebed. Features of male sterility male sterility is an important outbreeding device which prevents autogamy self pollination and permits allogamy cross pollination. Jun 15, 2015 experimental design and underlying mechanism of the male sterilityfertility restoration system in plants for hybrid seed production. Cytoplasmic male sterility in wheat and its use in breeding.